Helpline to Lifeline: How Suicide Prevention Support Saves Lives in India and Across the Globe

September 10, 2025 - By 

Introduction

Suicide is a significant global health issue, affecting individuals across all demographics. It is estimated that over 700,000 people die by suicide each year, making it one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In India, the situation is equally concerning, with a rising number of suicide cases reported annually. This blog aims to explore the burden of suicide, underlying reasons, risk factors, special settings, prevention strategies, and available support systems, particularly focusing on the Indian context.

Global Burden of Suicide

According to a study published in The Lancet Public Health, there were approximately 746,000 suicide deaths globally in 2021. The rate of suicide varies across regions, with certain countries experiencing higher incidences due to various socio-economic factors. PMC

Suicide is the 17th leading cause of death across all age groups and ranks as the fourth leading cause of death among individuals aged 15–29 years. PMC

Suicide in India: An Alarming Trend

India reports a concerning number of suicide cases each year. The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) data indicates that the suicide rate in India has been increasing, with significant numbers of adolescents and young adults affected. IOSR Journals

Several factors contribute to this rise, including academic pressure, unemployment, family issues, and mental health stigma. The lack of adequate mental health infrastructure and support systems further exacerbates the situation.

Reasons and Risk Factors

Common Reasons for Suicide

  • Mental Health Disorders: Conditions like depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia are strongly linked to suicidal behavior.
  • Substance Abuse: Alcohol and drug abuse can lead to impulsive actions and increased suicide risk.
  • Chronic Illness: Long-term physical illnesses can lead to feelings of hopelessness and despair.
  • Financial Problems: Economic instability and poverty can create stress and feelings of helplessness.
  • Relationship Issues: Breakups, family conflicts, and social isolation are significant contributors.

Risk Factors

  • Age and Gender: Young adults and males are at a higher risk.
  • Previous Suicide Attempts: A history of attempts increases the likelihood of future ones.
  • Family History: A family history of suicide or mental health disorders can elevate risk.
  • Access to Means: Easy access to lethal means, such as firearms or pesticides, increases risk.

Special Settings and Vulnerable Populations

Certain groups are more vulnerable to suicide:

  • Students: Academic pressure and future uncertainties can lead to suicidal thoughts.
  • LGBTQ+ Community: Discrimination and societal rejection contribute to mental health challenges.
  • Elderly: Loneliness, health issues, and loss of loved ones increase suicide risk among older adults.
  • Rural Populations: Limited access to mental health care and social isolation make rural residents more susceptible.

Prevention and Control Strategies

Global Approaches

  • Public Awareness Campaigns: Educating the public about mental health and suicide prevention.
  • Training Gatekeepers: Educating teachers, healthcare providers, and community leaders to identify and support at-risk individuals.
  • Restricting Access to Means: Implementing policies to limit access to common suicide methods.
  • Improving Mental Health Services: Enhancing the availability and quality of mental health care.

Indian Context

In India, the government and various NGOs have initiated several programs:

  • National Mental Health Programme (NMHP): Aims to provide mental health care to rural and underserved areas.
  • District Mental Health Programme (DMHP): Focuses on integrating mental health services into general healthcare.
  • Helplines: Services like Snehi and VISHRAM offer 24/7 support to individuals in crisis.
  • Awareness Campaigns: Programs to reduce stigma and encourage seeking help.

Tele-MANAS: A Step Towards Accessible Mental Health Care

Launched on October 10, 2022, Tele-MANAS (Mental Health Assistance and Networking Across States) is India’s first 24/7 national tele-mental health service under the National Tele Mental Health Programme (NTMHP). Press Information Bureau

Tele-MANAS operates through a two-tier system:

  • Tier 1: State Tele-MANAS cells staffed with trained counsellors and mental health specialists who provide immediate support through phone-based consultations.
  • Tier 2: Specialist mental health professionals and referral services to advanced mental health institutions when required. Press Information Bureau

This initiative aims to bridge the gap in mental health services, especially in remote and underserved areas, by providing accessible and affordable care. IOSR Journals

What to Do When You Have Suicidal Thoughts

If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts, consider the following steps:

  • Reach Out for Help: Contact a mental health professional or a trusted individual.
  • Avoid Substance Use: Alcohol and drugs can intensify suicidal thoughts.
  • Create a Safety Plan: Identify triggers and coping strategies.
  • Stay Connected: Maintain social connections with friends and family.
  • Engage in Activities: Pursue hobbies or activities that bring joy and fulfillment.

Important Helpline Numbers in India

  • Tele-MANAS: 14416 (Available 24/7 nationwide)
  • Snehi Foundation: 91-22-2772 6771 / 91-22-2772 6773
  • VISHRAM (Mental Health Support): 91-9152987821
  • iCALL (Tata Institute of Social Sciences): 91-9152987821
  • KIRAN (National Helpline): 91-9152987821

Note: These numbers are operational 24/7 and provide confidential support.

Conclusion

Suicide is a preventable tragedy that affects individuals and communities worldwide. By understanding the underlying causes, recognizing risk factors, and implementing effective prevention strategies, we can work towards reducing the incidence of suicide. It is crucial to foster an environment where mental health is prioritized, and individuals feel empowered to seek help without fear of stigma.

References

  1. National Tele-Mental Health Program in India: A step towards mental health care for all. ResearchGate. Available at: ResearchGate
  2. Tele MANAS: India’s First 24X7 Tele Mental Health Helpline Brings New Hope for Millions. Indian Journal of Mental Health. Available at: indianmentalhealth.com
  3. National Tele Mental Health Programme (Tele MANAS) of India 2022: Frameworks and Initial Progress. ResearchGate. Available at: ResearchGate
  4. Tele MANAS: Revolutionizing Mental Health Care in India. Press Information Bureau. Available at: Press Information Bureau
  5. A Review Of India’s National Tele-Mental Health Initiative. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science. Available at: IOSR Journals
  6. Telemanas and Telemedicine: Role in Suicide Prevention. International Research Journal of Web Applications. Available at: IRJWeb
  7. Assessment of Effective Uptake of TeleMANAS Service. EPRA International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research. Available at: EPRA Journals
  8. Tele Mental Health Helplines During the COVID-19 Pandemic. PubMed Central. Available at: PMC
  9. Making Mental Health a Priority – Tele MANAS. Asian Journal of Nursing Education and Research. Available at: Ajner
  10. Tackling Gender Disparities in Physician Suicide: Insights from India. BMJ. Available at: BMJ

Note: This blog is intended for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.

Dr. Anita Khokhar is MD in Preventive Medicine with over two decades of teaching , research and public health experience,. She is trained in preventive oncology, Emotional Freedom Techniques and Holistic health.dranitawelness.com with the tagline “Where Prevention Meets Care,” provides resources, insights, and guidance to help individuals take charge of their health through early detection, self-care practices, emotional freedom techniques, and evidence-based preventive strategies. It is designed as a trusted space where science, education, and holistic healing come together to promote healthier, more empowered living.

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